1043-3155 Pediatr Neurol Briefs pedneurbriefs Pediatr Neurol Briefs Pediatric Neurology Briefs Pediatr Neurol Briefs 2166-6482 1043-3155 2166-3155 Pediatric Neurology Briefs Publishers Chicago, IL, USA PNB-17-14-b 10.15844/pedneurbriefs-17-2-7 Developmental Disorders Neurology Pediatrics Nervous System Diseases Child Development Brain Diseases Neurosurgery Child Infant Anatomical Correlates of Dyslexia http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0173-7931 Millichap J. Gordon MD 1 2 * Division of Neurology, Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL Correspondence: Dr. J. Gordon Millichap, E-mail: jgmillichap@northwestern.edu 02 2003 01 03 2016 17 2 14 15 Copyright: © 2003 The Author(s) 2003 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Anatomical correlates of dyslexia: frontal and cerebellar findings

The relation between measurements of the posterior temporal lobe, inferior frontal gyrus, cerebellum and whole brain, determined by MRI, and measures of reading, spelling, verbal intelligence and language skills was studied at the University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

 Lobes of the Cerebellum Cerebellar Anterior Lobe Cerebellar-Frontal Circuit

The relation between measurements of the posterior temporal lobe, inferior frontal gyrus, cerebellum and whole brain, determined by MRI, and measures of reading, spelling, verbal intelligence and language skills was studied at the University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. Dyslexic children (14 males, 4 females) and controls (19 males, 13 females) in grades 4-6 were selected from a family genetics study. Dyslexics had specific deficits in word reading relative to the population mean and verbal IQ. Dyslexics had significantly smaller right anterior lobes of the cerebellum, pars triangularis bilaterally, and brain volume. Measures of the right cerebellar anterior lobe and the pars triangularis correctly classified 72% of the dyslexics and 88% of controls. These neuroanatomical measures were significantly correlated with reading, spelling and language measures related to dyslexia. Anomalies in a cerebellar-frontal circuit are proposed as a neuroanatomical basis for dyslexia. [1]

COMMENT. Anatomical deficits in a frontal-cerebellar system may lead to dyslexia. Measures of the right cerebellar anterior lobe and inferior frontal gyrus may be used to predict reading skills. Children with right cerebellar tumors have poor verbal and naming performance compared to patients with left-sided tumors (Scott et al, 2001; cited by Eckert et al).

Eckert MA Leonard CM Richards TL Aylward EH Thomson J Berninger VW Anatomical correlates of dyslexia: frontal and cerebellar findings Brain 2003 Feb 126 Pt 2 482 94 10.1093/brain/awg026 12538414